Evelin Lindner's Publications

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•  Background Reflections
•  Books (chronologically, newest publications first)
•  Articles & Book Chapters (chronologically, newest publications first)
•  Lectures and media appearances are on the FRIDA (Database of University of Oslo, Norway) (please search for "etternavn" Lindner and "fornavn" Evelin)

Background Reflections

Please see background reflections by Lindner, 2004, as
•  short summary,
•  short table,
•  executive summary, (also published on the web site of Share the World's Resources) and
•  longer paper (not to be cited without author's authorization).
•  Developed from Humiliation in a Globalizing World: Does Humiliation Become the Most Disruptive Force?, New York, NY: Columbia University, Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, paper prepared for the 2004 Workshop on Humiliation and Violent Conflict, Columbia University, November 18-19, 2004. This paper highlights how globalization is interlinked with new and unprecedented psychological dynamics that call for novel solutions at all levels - macro, meso and micro levels, and in all fields of public policy.
•  This paper's SSRN ID is 668742, http://ssrn.com/abstract=668742.

Books

Making Enemies: Humiliation and International Conflict
Westport, CT, London: Greenwood Press and Praeger Publishers, 2006.
•  Available from Amazon, or from the publisher in the US, or from the publisher in the UK
•  Book Code: C9109
•  ISBN: 0-275-99109-1
•  Praeger Security International General Interest
•  Publication Date: 7/30/2006
•  List Price: $49.95 (UK Sterling Price: £28.99)
•  Media Type: Hardcover
•  Also Available: Ebook
•  This book is an adaptation from an earlier manuscript (2003): Humiliation - A New Basis for Understanding, Preventing, and Defusing Conflict and Violence in the World and Our Lives

The Psychology of Humiliation: Somalia, Rwanda / Burundi, and Hitler's Germany
Oslo: University of Oslo, Department of Psychology, Part One of Doctoral Dissertation in Psychology (Part Two: 12 articles), submitted 31st October 2000, ISBN 82-569-1817-9.
•  Please be aware that this part of the dissertation thesis is designed in a way that it puts the reader into the shoes of the author, inviting the reader to participate in the author's difficult and often confusing journey to Somalia and Rwanda.
•  Read first a short Explanatory Note.
•  See here an Overview over the Interviews carried out for the doctoral research project.
•  See also: [Interview material collected in connection with the research project "The feeling of humiliation" from 1997 to 2001, comprising 100 hr of interviews on audio tape, 10 hr of digital video film, and extensive notes]. Oslo: University of Oslo, unpublished raw data, 2000.
•  The Dr. psychol. was awarded to Lindner on 26th May 2001, read Summary for Defense of Doctorate, and Disputasoppslag, and pictures.
•  Read furthermore a Description of the Doctoral Dissertation for Publishers.
•  Read here a Summary of both Dissertations (Medicine and Psychology).

Lebensqualität im ägyptisch-deutschen Vergleich. Eine Interkulturelle Untersuchung an drei Berufsgruppen (Ärzte, Journalisten, Künstler)
Hamburg: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Hamburg, Doctoral Dissertation in Medicine, 1994.
•  Quality of Life: A German-Egyptian Comparative Study [Lebensqualität Im Ägyptisch-Deutschen Vergleich. Eine Interkulturelle Untersuchung an Drei Berufsgruppen (Ärzte, Journalisten, Künstler)]
Hamburg: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Hamburg, English Summary of Doctoral Dissertation in Medicine, 1994.
•  See also What Is a Good Life - Comparison Between Egypt and Germany.
Oslo: University of Oslo, manuscript prepared for the Middle East Virtual Community (MEViC), first MEViC online Internet conference, 2000, on the basis of Doctoral Dissertation in Medicine (1994).
•  For about fifteen years an ever-increasing number of studies about quality of life has been produced in medical contexts. In most cases, patients of Western cultures are asked how they define quality of life for themselves. Two levels of target groups are usually not incorporated: firstly exclusively the patients' definition of quality of life is examined, not the doctors', and secondly usually only Western cultures are considered and non-Western cultures neglected. The here described study starts at exactly these points. 100 German and 50 Egyptian physicians were asked how they define quality of life for themselves and which aspects of life and health are important to them. They were asked also how they think their patients define quality of life. As points of reference journalists and artists were interviewed - 65 journalists and 45 artists on the German side and 10 journalists and 10 artists on the Egyptian side. The differences discovered can be summarized as follows: t The German as well as the Egyptian physicians consider themselves as being rather "responsible", whereas they judge their patients as being more "superficial". t In Egypt a combination of religion and the desire for modern technology is connected with the term quality of life, whereas in Germany social peace and a critical attitude towards modern technology are prominent.
•  See also On Globalisation and Quality of Life.

 

Articles & Book Chapters

Why There Can Be No Conflict Resolution As Long As People Are Being Humiliated
In: Education for Reconciliation and Conflict Resolution. A special issue of International Review of Education, edited by Birgit Brock-Utne, 55 (1), 2009.
Abstract: This paper discusses how conflict resolution and reconciliation, in their interplay with emotions, are embedded into two current trends, first the transition toward increasing global interdependence, and second, the human rights call for equal dignity for all. Humiliation is of eminent significance for both trends. In a traditional world of ranked honour, humiliation is often condoned as legitimate and useful tool. In contrast, in a human rights framework of equal dignity, humiliation transmutes into an obscene violation of humanity. This article explains that norms of equal dignity are worth supporting, not least for their down-to-earth practicality. They are preferable in today's world in two-fold ways: first, the human rights framework promotes human quality of life more than the traditional paradigm of ranked honour, and second, it is better suited to tackle currently ever increasing global interdependence.
Yet, there is a caveat. While, feelings of humiliation, in the face of humiliating acts and conditions, represent the emotional 'fuel' of the human rights movement and are therefore an important resource, they also represent the nuclear bomb of the emotions (term coined by the author) that, if instrumentalised by humiliation-entrepreneurs, can power cycles of humiliation and atrocities in an unprecedented way. Only if these feelings are reconciled into Mandela-like social transformation, can the human rights movement fulfil its promise. The chapter endorses the vision of a decent global village, where humiliation is transcended. Decency reigns when reconciliation is no longer sought through forcing underlings into submission, but by including everybody, as worthy of equal dignity. The paper ends by calling for globalisation to be humanised through egalisation, through the hands-on implementation of human rights in a global village that enables all its citizens to live dignified lives without humiliation.

Disasters As a Chance to Implement Novel Solutions that Highlight Attention to Human Dignity
Contribution as Panelist to the International Conference on Rebuilding Sustainable Communities for Children and Their Families after Disasters, convened by Adenrele Awotona, at the College of Public and Community Service University of Massachusetts at Boston, USA, November 16-19, 2008. See all presenters.
• Abstract: The sustainability of social cohesion and ecological survival for humankind requires a focus on human dignity, implemented with a mindset of cooperation and humility, rather than disrespect and humiliation. Evelin G. Lindner, a social scientist with an interdisciplinary orientation, is the Founding Director and President of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies (HumanDHS), a global transdisciplinary fellowship of academics and practitioners who wish to promote dignity and transcend humiliation. This network was founded in 2001 and has since grown to ca. 1,000 invited members from all over the world, with the website being read by ca. 40, 000 people from 183 countries per year.
HumanDHS researchers and practitioners attempt to create public awareness for the destructive effects of humiliation, and to promote alternative approaches that generate and embody human dignity and respect.
The central human rights message is expressed in Article 1 of the of the Human Rights Declaration, which states that every human being is born with equal dignity (and ought not be humiliated). This ideal requires concerted action to be implemented, not just in the field of legal regulations, but in every sphere of human life, including architecture and the way we create our built environments, and including disaster management.
After disasters, communities are prone to suffer violations of dignity in numerous ways. However, disasters can also open space for the implementation of novel solutions that highlight attention to human dignity. For example, victims of disasters can be encouraged to become co-creators of interventions, rather than merely recipients of help - research indicates that help can have humiliating effects. Since disasters disrupt established life, they even entail the potential to open more space for empowerment than was present prior to the event - this can occur, for example, when women are given more visibility than they had before.
Disasters unmask in stark ways the short-comings of human interventions in general, be it with regard to management philosophies (in case of disasters, for example, how aid is being delivered), or how housing is designed (in the case of disasters, for example, how emergency shelters are being built), or how short-term and long-term planning is interwoven (in the case of disasters, whether humanitarian emergency aid is being integrated with longer-term development goals).
Many short-comings are related to a lack of attention to human rights, not just their legal aspects, but the spirit of human rights, namely equality in dignity for all. Human interventions in society in general, as well as approaches to disaster intervention, often stem from times when sensitivity to the notion of equality in dignity was still weak. Sometimes this lack of sensitivity is overtly visible, at other times notions such as "expertise" or "efficiency" cover up for or "justify" violations of human rights. Obsessive rectangularity and military uniformity, for example, when shelters are built or aid is offered, are often being justified with arguments of "efficiency" and "practicability," or that recipients of help should be happy with what they get.
However, these are obsolete arguments. How is a helpless person, struggling to heal and build a new life, to be expected to improve if his or her basic individuality is removed and humiliated into helpless uniformity? The loss of diversity is not a small loss. Human beings are living creatures, meaning that they are diverse creatures who thrive on diverse environments. Individual human identity and health depend not least on diversity markers. Uniformity ignores this human need, relegating human beings to the humiliating status of machines.
International organizations, accustomed to responding to emergencies and developmental needs, need to develop concepts of efficiency and practicability that nurture inclusive and dignifying diversity. Today the term "mainstreaming" permeates many discourses: The spirit of human rights, the emphasis on human dignity, needs to be mainstreamed also in disaster management.

What the World’s Cultures Can Contribute to Creating a Sustainable Future for Humankind
Oslo: Paper prepared for the 11th Annual Conference of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies (HumanDHS), 23th June-1st July 2008, in Norway.
• Abstract: Contemporary Norway has a unique traditional notion of likeverd (equality in dignity) and is a strong global peace mediator. The Nobel Peace Prize is being awarded in Oslo each year, the Oslo Accords come to mind, or Norway 's recent engagement in Sri Lanka.
What is peace? Clearly, peace is more than resolved conflict. A sustainable future for humankind is more than ‘resilience' within the status quo. In an interdependent world, security, peace, and sustainability are no longer attainable by solving singular conflicts, or through ‘keeping enemies out or subjugated,' only through ‘keeping a fragmented world together' to jointly embark on comprehensive solutions for the problems of its sociosphere and biosphere.
What can the world's cultures contribute to a sustainable future for all? This paper inquires whether it is possible to distil out what large cultural realms such as Africa, Asia, Continental Europe, and the Anglo-Saxon sphere can contribute.
If our aim is the pro-active creation of global cohesion informed by equality in dignity – instead of passively waiting for global division to tear us apart – then, so suggests this paper, traditional Asia can contribute with its notions of nondualism and harmony. This would need to be carefully combined, with, for example, American-Anglo-Saxon emphasis on courageous action, and Continental European strength in planning and design. This in turn would need to be inspired by all nondualistic, dignifying, and philia-promoting philosophies from around the world, be it Egyptian or Greek notions of love, African Ubuntu, Martin Buber's ‘dialogical unity' in I and Thou, or Gandhi's non-violent action approach.
The paper concludes by calling for global systemic change in the spirit of nondualistic Unity in Diversity, sustained through continuous pro-active maintenance of harmonious global social cohesion imbued with the notion of likeverd. We need to realise an ‘era of equality in dignity,' a decent future, where everybody can live a dignified life. We need to create a decent global village. Norway, with its unique background, plays an important role that it needs to expand for the common good of humankind.

Giving Life to the Human Family
In: The Evolving Family, Chapter Two of Offerings, pp. 38-41, May 2008.
Please see here a long version of this paper, written in 2006.
•  Introduction: This is not an academic paper. It is a very personal text that tries to capture the struggles of my life in ways that embed them into larger historical contexts and filter out "lessons" that could be useful for others. It is a analysis of my life, which responds to the questions put to me by the Journal Offerings (the headings represent their questions).
This text is written particularly for the "Galileos" of our time. He was condemned for heresy by the Inquisition. His heliocentric view, meaning that not the Sun revolves around the Earth, but the other way round, was too humiliating a concept for the Church to accept. It took the Church more than 300 years to regret their conduct towards Galileo. He spent his last years in house arrest, writing his finest book Two New Sciences.
What I want to highlight with this example, is how the "Galileos" among us ought to tackle rejection. We are glad that Galileo did not descend into depression and apathy. Neither did he spend his precious time and energy on finger-pointing and indignation entrepreneurship. He did not allow the rejection he experienced to derail his life project. Instead, he kept his hands on the task, calmly and constructively.
I would like to encourage the "Galileos" of our time to follow Galileo's example. I would be very happy if the account of my personal experiences in this text helps our "Galileos" to avoid losing time and energy as I did. I "lost" several decades of my life because I did not sufficiently understand my situation within the historical juncture at which humankind finds itself at the current historical point in time.

Beginning to Understand the Causes of Conflicts and Terrorism – and Finding Ways to Transcend Them
In: Atle Hetland (Ed.), Creativity: With Pakistani Children’s Drawings. Islamad: Pakistan - Norway Association (PANA): An International Friendship Association in Pakistan, 2008.
• First Paragraph: Humiliation and loss of dignity: Feelings of humiliation are the main cause for conflicts and terrorism. Feelings of debasement may lead to acts of humiliation perpetrated on the perceived humiliator, setting off cycles of humiliation in which everybody who is involved feels denigrated and is convinced that humiliating the humiliator is a just and holy duty. The word humiliation has to do with ‘putting down’. It originates from the Latin word ‘humus’, which means ‘earth’.

Peace and Dignity: More than the Absence of Humiliation - What We Can Learn From the Asia-Pacific Region
In: The Australian Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies: Occasional Papers Series, 2008, available on http://www.uq.edu.au/acpacs/publications.
• Abstract: In an interdependent world, peace is not optional, it is compulsory, if humankind is to survive. Local conflicts, particularly protracted conflicts, are inscribed into, and taken hostage by larger global pressures, and vice versa, and this diffuses insecurity. Global terror is the ultimate diffusion of insecurity.
However, peace is more than resolved conflict. What is needed is the pro-active creation of global social cohesion. In an interdependent world, security is no longer attainable through ‘keeping enemies out,' but only through ‘keeping a fragmented world together.'
How do we, as humankind, keep a fragmented world together in a pro-active way? And how can Asia contribute to this task? This is the topic of this paper.
At the current point in human history, there is a window of opportunity. Never before have humans understood how small and vulnerable their habitat is. Combining the strengths of all human cultures is what is needed to build a harmonious global society in a pro-active nondualistic way.
It is suggested that the most significant way for Asia to contribute lies in helping to create a new metaphysical orientation of the world, a new consciousness, since Asia is the cradle of nondualistic ontologies. Asia can also contribute to novel designs of large-scale systemic change because the wide-spread Asian emphasis on harmonious societies entails great potential (when designed in nondualistic ways). Nondualism and harmony are two ingredients which can serve pro-actively creating global cohesion, if carefully combined, with, for example, Anglo-Saxon emphasis on action, European strengths in planning, and all dignifying philosophies from around the world, be it Ubuntu (Africa), or Buber's ‘dialogical unity' in I and Thou.

How Asia Can Contribute to World Peace Psychology: The Role of Dignity and Humiliation
To be submitted as book chapter.
• Abstract: This chapter discusses how Asia can contribute to world peace psychology. It uses as guide the principle of Unity in Diversity, and frames the discussion through the lens of dignity (with humiliation as its violation): Diversity embedded in unity can promote peace and equality in dignity, while diversity in form of divisiveness can impede and violate it. The chapter suggests that diversity-embedded-in-unity can be promoted by scrutinizing all human cultures, including Asian cultures, with the aim to “harvest” those cultural world views, practices, and social-psychological skills that have unifying and equalizing effects. Asia can contribute to Unity, to Diversity, and to Unity in Diversity: First, Asian emphasis on harmonious societies entails great potential (when designed in nondualistic ways) to help forge Unity. Second, a wide variety of valuable cultural and anthropological know-how can be drawn from Asia, know-how that can bolster Diversity. Third, Asia, since it is the cradle of nondualistic ontologies, can help the world with a new metaphysical orientation which can bring about peaceful equality in dignity for all world citizens through successfully realizing Unity in Diversity. All chapters of this book underpin those three perspectives and are woven into this chapter.

Gaialogues with Joanna Harcourt-Smith
February 09, 2008 - Dr. Evelin Gerda Lindner
(41 minutes - 19mb)
Social psychologist and founding director of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, a global fellowship of concerned academics and practitioners whose vision is to serve as a global enabling platform, giving space and encouragement to people who wish to dignify our world and transcend humiliation.

The Futility of Armed Conflict: The Role of Dignity and Humiliation
In: Shekhawat, Seema, and Mahapatra, Debidatta Aurobinda (Eds.), Changing Contours of Global Conflicts and Prospects of Peace, forthcoming in 2008.
• Abstract: This chapter argues that a new concept of Realpolitik is currently emerging and has to be developed more succinctly. Old Realpolitik was defined by fear, collective fear of attack from outgroups, informed by the so-called security dilemma (a term used in international relations theory). In this context, armed conflict was accepted, both practically and normatively. The human and material cost of armed conflict was regarded as necessary price to pay for victory.
In contrast, the new concept of Realpolitik should take into account that the reality of the world has changed. In a world that grows ever more interdependent, human rights replace the old definition of security, which is ‘keeping enemies out, and underlings down,’ with a new definition. The new definition reads, ‘integrating all humankind in a world of equal dignity for all.’ In the new context, armed conflict is a recipe for the demise of all parties, no longer for the victory of one side. In the new context, armed conflict is therefore neither utile nor acceptable, be it practically or normatively.

The Relevance of Humiliation Studies for the Prevention of Terrorism
Paper presented to the NATO Advanced Research Workshop ‘Indigenous Terrorism: Understanding and Addressing the Root Causes of Radicalisation among Groups with an Immigrant Heritage in Europe,’ Budapest, Hungary 7-9th March, 2008.
Please see here a long first draft of this paper, and see alo some pictures of the event.
• Abstract: Why do young people who grew up in Europe kill innocent citizens in suicide attacks? In her paper, the author makes a link between the deep structure of terrorism and genocide, and offers humiliation as an explanation for both – feelings of humiliation, which carry the potential to lead to acts of humiliation and cycles of humiliation.
Current historic times are characterised by two historically novel trends, first, rapidly increasing global interdependence, and second, a growing impact of the human rights message. Furthermore, new research indicates that one can feel as humiliated on behalf of victims one identifies with, as if one were to suffer this pain oneself, a phenomenon that is magnified when media give access to the suffering of people in far-flung places. Human rights ideals also compound this effect because humiliation represents the core violation of the human rights ideal of equality in dignity for all human beings. In the context of globalisation and human rights, therefore, humiliating people no longer produces humble underlings but risks fostering angry ‘terrorists,' who have yet to realise that equal rights and dignity for all can only be attained by non-humiliating means. The Nelson-Mandela path out of humiliation, namely his strategy of embarking on proactive constructive social change instead of re-active cycles of humiliation, requires the nurturing, locally and globally, of a social and societal climate of mature differentiation, embedded into respect for the equality in dignity of all.

Humiliation
In: Darity, William A., Jr. (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (IESS), Second edition, 9 volumes. Detroit, MI: Macmillan Reference USA / Thomson Gale, 2008.

Ydmykelse, ydmykhet, og demokrati
I: Hagtvet, Bernt (red.), Folkemordenes svarte bok: politisk massevold og systematiske menneskerettsbrudd i det 20. århundret, kapittel 6, s. 113-130, 2008, Oslo: Universitetsforlag. Se lansering.
Innholdsfortegnelse:
• Forord. Bernt Hagtvet
I: Innledning. Den farlige renhetslengselen. Bernt Hagtvet
II: En ny type forbrytelse: Genocidet. En artikkel i Samtiden 1945. Raphael Lemkin
III: Begreper og fellestrekk
• Folkemord: Noen medisinske og psykologiske aspekter. Nils Johan Lavik
• Folkemord: En juridisk og politisk begrepsanalyse. Ida Waal
• Underliggende ideologiske momenter i folkemord: Fra Armenia til Øst-Timor. Ben Kiernan
• Ydmykelse, ydmykhet, og demokrati. Evelin Lindner
IV: Fra Namibia til Rwanda
• Utslettelsen av Hererofolket i Nambia 1903-1908: Det første folkemordet i det 20. århundre. Tore Linné Eriksen
• Etnisk rensing, massakre og folkemord i det ottomanske rikets siste dager. Hva skjedde med den armenske minoriteten 1915-18. Ragnar Næss
• Stalins etniske terror: Rasisme eller Raison d’etat? Pål Kolstø
• GULAG-imperiet: Et folkemord glemt av den politiske korrekthet. Bent Jensen
• Tilintetgjørelsen av de europeiske jødene: Nyere tema og teorihorisonter. Odd-Bjørn Fure
• Terror under det totale herredømmet: Nazi-Tyskland og Stalins USSR i sammenligning. Morten A. Iversen
• Sigøynerne: Forfulgt i århundrer. Jahn Otto Johansen
• Kjapt, effektivt og billig: Gjensyn med de indonesiske massedrapene på kommunister 1965-66. Olle Törnqvist
• Den kambodsjanske tragedien og kampen om oppgjøret: Nasjonal eller internasjonal rettsforfølgelse? Ellen Stensrud
• Etnisk rensing i det tidligere Jugoslavia. Hvorfor ble oppløsningen så blodig? Svein Mønnesland
• Rwanda: Folkemordet verden valgte å ignorere. Thea Ottman
• Krig, folkemord og motstand i Øst Timor. Ben Kiernan
• Darfur: Den brente jords taktikk. Rapport fra en forbrytelse mot menneskeheten. Jan Egeland
V: Endlösung i Norge
• ”Nøye måtte fastslå hvem som er å regne som jøde...”: Deportasjonene av jøder fra Norge under krigen. Bjarte Bruland
• Antisemittismen i norsk historie. Hans Fredrik Dahl
• Ondskapens ”banalitet” her hjemme? Tilintetgjørelsesleirene i Nord-Norge: Gjensyn med en studie av fangevokterne. Nils Christie
• Oppgjøret med kontorbødlene: Historien om erstatningsoppgjøret til norske jødiske medborgere. Bjørn Westlie
VI: Erindringspolitikk
• Minnet om den radikale ondskap: Om fortidsbearbeiding og lidelsens pedagogikk. Trond Risto Nilssen
• Folkemord og det kollektive minnet: Om bruk og misbruk av historia om vald og liding. Nik. Brandal
VII: Oppsummering/Konklusjon
• Folkemord og massevold: forutsetninger og ettervirkninger, forebygging og oppgjør. Nik Brandal, Ellen Stensrud, Dag Einar Thorsen
• Epilog: Folkemord skjer igjen - i går og nå. Janne Haaland Matlary

Traumatized by Humiliation in Times of Globalization: Transforming Humiliation into Constructive Meaning?
In: Kalayjian, Anie and Eugene, Dominique (Eds.), International Handbook on Disaster & Mass Trauma: Cultural and Spiritual Rituals and Practices for Meaning-Making and Resilience, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, as part of their series on International Psychology Books, cosponsored by the APA Division of International Psychology, 2008.
•  Overview: The phenomenon of humiliation is currently gaining significance, not least for victims of disasters and care-givers. In former times, rulers were not held responsible for looking after the well-being of their subjects. Rulers fought their wars over honor and land and the suffering of their subjects went unmentioned. When people perished, through human-made or natural disaster, and if they were traumatized, this meant little.
At present, this state-of-affairs is in the process of changing, albeit only in a piecemeal fashion. Whenever disasters are caused or responded to in negligent or fraudulent ways - for example, when some line their pockets with the funds intended for victims - this is increasingly felt to be humiliating. The reason for this change is that human rights introduce a new moral frame, a moral prerogative that stipulates that every human being deserves to be treated as equal in dignity. Human rights turn practices that were normal for thousands of years, namely that higher beings preside over lesser beings, into an illicit and humiliating violation. Therefore, the deepest trauma, within the new framework of human rights, might in some cases develop post-disaster, from being treated in ways that remove dignity, rather than from the disaster itself.
This chapter lays out the changing role of humiliation for trauma and how it is essential for meaning-making and resilience in the spirit of Viktor Frankl's work, particularly in current times of moral transition. Frankl calls for developing a wider horizon, both within ourselves and out in the world. In practice, today, this means learning how to walk the talk, both within each individual and in relation to others, and how to build a sustainable global community. Care-givers, in their pivotal role, carry a primary responsibility to help bring about these transformations.

Humiliation, Trauma, and Trauma Recovery in a Globalizing World
In: Barry Hart (Ed.), Peacebuilding for Traumatized Societies, New York, NY: University Press of America, 2008.
•  Introduction: Yesterday, I met with a dear friend, a Japanese professor, an expert on mediation. She explained to me that she believes that humankind will not survive, at least not in the longer term. Humankind will die out, leaving behind a devastated planet Earth, relieved of its human plague. And, she added, it is absurd to write chapters about Peacebuilding for Traumatized Societies, while forgetting that we all, including all trauma experts and all readers of books for trauma experts, are doomed and ought to be thinking what to do with traumatized death-bound humankind, us, during our last days...

The Educational Environment as a Place for Humiliating Indoctrination or Dignifying Empowerment
In: Dakshinamoorthi Raja Ganesan, and Philip M. Brown (Eds.), Humiliation in the Academic Setting: A Special Symposium Issue of 'Experiments in Education', New Delhi: S.I.T.U. Council of Educational Research, XXXVI (3, March 2008), pp. 61-70.
•  Abstract: This article addresses the way the educational environment has contributed to the manipulation of young students to perpetrate atrocities. In Japan, it was the quest of young brilliant students for aesthetics, beauty, meaning and their sincerity and dedication that was manipulated so as to make them ‘volunteer' to die as suicide pilots. In Rwanda, academia was also involved in instigating genocide. ‘Africa 's Murderous Professors' is the title of an article describing how scholars paved the way for genocide. Radio Mille Collines blasted genocidal propaganda into the air. The entire society was mobilised, and academia was deeply implicated in efforts to promote ethnic cleansing.
It is suggested that it is a fundamental responsibility to protect children, students and societies in the future from being manipulated into perpetrating mayhem. Educators should consider it a critical aspect of their work to empower students to enable them to resist manipulation. But first we must understand how manipulation works in the context of a true telling of our histories. Do we realize to what extent atrocities were introduced as ‘noble duty'? Do we know about the humiliating effect of duping people into perpetrating atrocities?

The Concept of Human Dignity
In: Fischer, Horst and Quénivet, Noelle (Eds.), Human Dignity: Concepts, Challenges and Solutions. The Case of Africa, Berlin: Berliner Wissenschaftsverlag, 2008.
•  Introduction: Let me begin this chapter by throwing the reader into the midst of controversy: Until 1991, I worked as a clinical psychologist (in the Middle East 1984-1991, among others), and was confronted with many complicated cases, including what is called honour killing. Imagine, a mother approaches you and explains that her daughter was raped and has to be killed to prevent family honour from being humiliated since the rapist will not marry her. As a human rights defender, you stipulate that marrying a raped girl off to her rapist, let alone killing the girl, is equivalent to compounding humiliation, not remedying it. The mother, in turn, regards your attitude as condescending, as humiliating her cultural beliefs. In sum, you face several layers of honour, dignity and humiliation. What position do you take? Whose honour or dignity do you protect? And which arguments do you use?...

Genocide, Humiliation, and Inferiority: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
In: Robins, Nicholas, and Jones, Adam (Eds.), Genocides by the Oppressed: Subaltern Genocide in Theory and Practice, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2008.
•  Abstract: Genocide has many perplexing characteristics. For example, is it solely and fundamentally about killing? If so, why are so many genocide victims not “merely” killed, but elaborately humiliated beforehand? Furthermore, are the victims of genocide not members of rather powerless minorities whose significance is blown up artificially? If so, why are resources mobilized to humiliate and kill people who are already powerless? Why, in short, are the powerless perceived as a threat? This chapter draws on the author’s work on humiliation studies, and other analyses of humiliation in the genocide-studies literature. It suggests that neither ethnic fault lines, nor dwindling resources or other “rational” conflicts of interest, nor simple scapegoating, nor any general “evilness” of human nature may lie at the heart of genocide. Rather, complex psychological mindsets and behavioral clusters operate according to their own “rationality.” These may entail acts of humiliation as a response to fear of humiliation – or, more precisely, to an imagined fear of future humiliations, based on past ones. Accordingly, genocide’s perpetrators may be drawn not only from elites, but also from a recently risen underclass exhibiting a complex web of features, sometimes labeled as an “inferiority complex.” These dynamics are relevant not only for genocide, but also for global terrorism and thus represent an important field of inquiry not only locally but also for global human security.

Health and Illness in Relation to Dignity and Humiliation in Times of Global Interdependence
In: E-Newsletter of Solidarity, Sustainability, and Non-Violence, Luis Teodoro Gutierrez (Editor), 4 (6, June), 2008.
• Introduction: This article has two goals. The first is to go beyond a mere account of the History of Medicine, despite its many interesting facets, and present a provocative scholarly discussion of definitions of medical health and illness by using a wider lens, both historically and conceptually. The second is to bring about a miracle in the reader. This study is designed to persuade and mobilize the reader, to widen the definition of personal health to include the health and well-being of the global human family and the human biosphere...

Introductory Presentation to the 2007 Workshop on Humiliation and Violent Conflict, Columbia University, New York, December 13-14, 2007.
See a transcription of the first part of this talk.
This talk had two parts, related to Lindner's two roles. Her first role is to be the principal convener of this workshop and our overall HumanDHS network, together with Linda Hartling. Her second role is to be one HumanDHS researcher among many other HumanDHS researchers. Respectively, the first part of her talk addressed the overall aim of our HumanDHS work, while the second part gave a very brief introduction to her theory of humiliation. She uses a particularly broad lens, both with respect to the length of history (entire history of Homo sapiens) she includes, as well as with respect to its transcultural approach. Her theory highlights how globalization is interlinked with new and unprecedented psychological dynamics (unprecedented significance of the phenomenon of humiliation) that call for novel solutions at all levels - macro, meso and micro levels, and in all fields of public policy.
Please see early versions of the second part, Humiliation in a Globalizing World: Does Humiliation Become the Most Disruptive Force? here or at http://ssrn.com/abstract=668742 (this paper's SSRN ID is 668742); see a more recent version in the first issue of the Journal of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, March 2007.

Humiliation and Global Terrorism: How to Overcome It Nonviolently
In: Summy, Ralph V. (Ed.), Nonviolent Alternatives for Social Change, in Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). Oxford, UK: Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO, Eolss Publishers, 2007.
Summary: Why do young people kill innocent citizens in suicide attacks? Clearly, poverty is as insufficient an explanation as is 'pure evil.' In this chapter, we offer humiliation as explanation - feelings of humiliation, leading to acts of humiliation, forming cycles of humiliation. Lindner has researched the phenomenon of humiliation in the genocidal killings in Rwanda (1994) and Somalia (1988), on the backdrop of Hitler Germany. She is currently in Japan, among others studying the 'kamikaze' pilots of World War II. The notion of non-violence is at the core of Lindner's theory of humiliation. Humiliation contrasts the term humility. We cannot achieve humbleness and humility by inflicting humiliation, particularly not in a world that is characterised by increasing interdependence and an ongoing human rights revolution. Rather than rendering peace, people who feel humiliated may set in motion new cycles of humiliation. Equal rights and dignity for all, as called for by the Human Rights Declaration, locally and globally, are only attainable by dignified non-violent approaches.

Dynamics of Humiliation in a Globalizing World
In: International Journal on World Peace, XXXIV (3, September), 2007, pp. 15-52.
Original title: Dynamics of Humiliation in a Globalizing World: From Old to New Realpolitik.
•  Abstract: This article argues that a new concept of Realpolitik has to be developed. Old Realpolitik was defined by fear, collective fear of attack from outgroups, informed by the so-called security dilemma. In contrast, the new concept of Realpolitik should take into account the new normative system that currently gains mainstream acceptance in a globalizing world, namely human rights. Human rights replace fear with feelings of humiliation, felt by individuals in response to failing respect for equal dignity. If unattended, feelings of humiliation can hamper an otherwise benign transition towards a more comprehensive implementation of human rights. Peace advocates are called upon to take up primary responsibility to clarify and guide this transition in a constructive and transdisciplinary fashion.

The Role of Dignity and Humiliation for Peace & Conflict Studies
Australian Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, The University of Queensland, Don Carruthers Room, Level 5, Dorothy Hill PSE Library, Hawken Building (50) (Enter library and take lift to Level 5), at K5 co-ordinates, 14th of August, 2007, 12-2pm.
Abstract: This seminar is about humiliation, globalization, human rights, and dignity. The central question is the following: Could it be the case in a globalizing world in which people are increasingly exposed to human rights advocacy, that acts of humiliation and feelings of humiliation emerge as the most significant phenomena to resolve? This seminar suggests that this is the case. It claims that the citizens of this world share a common ground, namely a yearning for recognition and respect that connects them and draws them into relationships. The seminar argues that many of the observable rifts among people may stem from the humiliation that is felt when recognition and respect are lacking. The seminar proposes that only if the human desire for respect is cherished, respected, and nurtured, and if people are attributed equal dignity in this process, can differences turn into valuable diversities and sources of enrichment-both globally and locally-instead of sources of disruption.

How the Human Rights Ideal of Equal Dignity Separates Humiliation from Shame
Submitted to the Journal of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2007
Please see the first draft here.
Abstract: Usually, science, at least until recently, has been dominated by Western scholars. Therefore, much research is situated in Western cultural contexts. A Western scholar typically begins research within his or her own cultural setting and then makes some allowances for historic and cultural variations. In the case of research on emotions, the focus is usually on affect, feeling, emotion, script, character and personality, while larger cultural contexts and an analysis of historic periods in human history are less emphasized. Dialogue and bridge-building with other academic fields and other cultural realms are not easy to achieve even in today’s increasingly connected world.
The author of this article has lived as a global citizen for more than thirty years (due to being born into a displaced family) and has thus acquired an understanding not just for one or two cultural realms, but for many. The result is that she paints a broad picture that includes historic and transcultural dimensions. In this article the usual approach is inversed: Larger cultural contexts as they were shaped throughout human history are used as a lens to understand emotions, with particular emphasis, in this article, on humiliation and shame. This is not to deny the importance of research on affect, feeling, emotion, script, character and personality, but to expand it.
Subsequent to the conclusion of the doctoral dissertation on humiliation in 2001, the author has expanded her studies, among others, in Europe, South East Asia, and the United States. She is currently building a theory of humiliation that is transcultural and transdisciplinary, entailing elements from anthropology, history, social philosophy, social psychology, sociology, and political science.
The central point of this article is that shame and humiliation are not a-historic emotional processes, but historical-cultural-social-emotional constructs that change over time. Humiliation began to separate out from the humility-shame-humiliation continuum around three hundred years ago, and there are two mutually excluding concepts of humiliation in use today around the world, one that is old, and one that is new.

Avoiding Humiliation - From Intercultural Communication to Global Interhuman Communication
In: Journal of Intercultural Communication, SIETAR Japan, Number 10, June 2007, pp. 21-38.
•  See also the invitation to a lecture with the same title given for the Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research (SIETAR) Japan, June 9, 2006, 7:00-9:00 pm, Reitaku University Tokyo Kenkyu Center (Shinjuku i-Land Tower, 4th Floor)
•  Please see here a draft for this lecture.
•  Please click here to see pictures from this lecture.
•  See the interview with Tim Newfields in the SIETAR Japan Newsletter, Fall 2006, pp. 26-27.
•  Abstract: Intercultural communication has the potential to fertilize transformative learning due to its power to unsettle us. This article suggests that we may go beyond being unsettled ourselves and let the very field of intercultural communication be unsettled. This article puts forward the proposal to inscribe intercultural communication into global interhuman communication. We suggest founding a new field, the field of “Global Interhuman Communication.”...

In Times of Globalization and Human Rights: Does Humiliation Become the Most Disruptive Force?
In: Journal of Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, Volume 1, Number 1, March 2007.
•  Abstract: This article is about humiliation, globalization, human rights, and dignity. The central question is the following: Could it be the case in a globalizing world in which people are increasingly exposed to human rights advocacy, that acts of humiliation and feelings of humiliation emerge as the most significant phenomena to resolve? This paper suggests that this is the case. It claims that all humans share a common ground, namely a yearning for recognition and respect that connects them and draws them into relationships. The paper argues that many of the observable rifts among people may stem from the humiliation that is felt when recognition and respect are lacking. The article proposes that only if the human desire for respect is cherished, respected, and nurtured, and if people are attributed equal dignity in this process, can differences turn into valuable diversities and sources of enrichment—both globally and locally—instead of sources of disruption.

How Multicultural Discourses Can Help Construct New Meaning
Paper prepared for the Second International Conference on Multicultural Discourses, 13-15th April 2007, Institute of Discourse and Cultural Studies, & Department of Applied Psychology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Please see pictures.
•  Abstract: This paper discusses the ‘critical paradigm’ that guides the field of Multicultural Discourses, and it makes three points. First, it reflects on the larger historical context, into which the emergence of the critical paradigm is embedded. Second, it explains how feelings of humiliation have become the marker of the critical paradigm. Third, the point is made that giving voice to the voiceless is as important and potentially life-saving as protecting biodiversity, but that this endeavour ought to be carried forward as a joint effort and with caution. The paper concludes with a discussion as to how multicultural discourses can be instrumental to constructing meaning both for each world citizen individually, but also with respect to public policy planning. The field of Multicultural Discourses, its researchers and experts, carry a particular responsibility.

The Transition of the Link Between Humiliation and Mental Health: From Due Lowliness to Undue Humiliation
Lecture at the International Mental Health Professionals of Japan (IMHPJ) conference on March 17-18, 2007, in Kawaguchiko at Mount Fuji.
•  Please see some pictures.
•  Please see also International Mental Health Professionals in Japan: Challenges and Opportunities, by Carolyn Zerbe Enns, PhD & Jim McRae, PhD, International Mental Health Professionals Japan (IMHPJ), in Psychology International (May-June 2007).
•  Abstract: We live in times of transition. Globalization and the human rights revolution push the world toward increasing global interdependence and a vision of more equal dignity for all. Mental health - how we live it, how we define it - is part of this transition...

Psychological Factors in Euro-Arab Relations
Lecture as part of the pilot course "Young Swedish Muslim Peace Agents," 19th-27th January 2007, at the Swedish Institute, with Director Jan Henningsson, in Alexandria, Egypt.
•  Please see some pictures.
•  Introduction: The Pilot Course "Young Swedish Muslim Peace Agents," took place in Alexandria, Egypt at the Swedish Institute in Alexandria, 19th-27th January 2007. A group of fifteen young Muslims from Sweden, who had formed the organisation Fredsargenterna, were the participants. The program of Fredsagenterna indicates that they wish to "increase the knowledge about an Islamic peace culture among young Swedish Muslims." I believe that Fredsagenterna's goal is extremely important not only for peace within Swedish society, but for the wider world. With this paper I wish to make an attempt to underpin this goal with my reflections.
I had the privilege to listen in for almost two days and wrote the first draft for this paper during the night before I had my talk on 22 nd January, being inspired by the presentations and the discussions. I had the particular pleasure to have my talk after the impressive presentation that Hans Blix gave...

Humiliation, War, and Gender: 'Worse than Death: Humiliating Words'
In: New Routes: A Journal for Peace Research and Action. Special Issue: Gender Perspectives, 11 (4), 2006, pp. 15-18, http://www.life-peace.org/newroutes.
•  Introduction: Currently, both, honor and equal dignity are cultural concepts that are significant for people worldwide. What we see today is the transition from norms of honor to norms of equal dignity but also the clash and incompatibility of these concepts. When fear of humiliation overrides the fear of death, this has far-reaching consequences and sometimes leads to the killing of the victim rather than the perpetrator...
Contents:
• 4 Afghanistan: Gender dynamics in war and exile by Nancy Hatch Dupree
• 8 ‘Bush wives‘ marginalized in rehabiliation programme, Sierra Leone: Chris Coulter
• 12 'Real men' without guns by Mireille Widmer et al
• 15 'Worse than death: humiliating words' by Evelin Gerda Lindner
• 19 Masculine war – feminine peace? by Virginia Saldanha
• 22 Women excluded from peace processes by Luisa Montoya
• 24 1325 - a historic resolution: Progress, effects and obstacles by Maja Edfast
• 26 Female theologians discuss peacebuilding by Kerstin Pihl
• 30 Soldiers’ mothers - strong and suffering by Valerie Zawilski
• 34 The manifold plight of displaced women by Luisa Montoya
• 38 Men in public domain – women in private sphere by Nadeen El-Kassem
• 42 Challenging the media in Israeli war context by Anat Sargusti
• 44 Peace initiatives: Action groups and networks engaging men and women by Luisa Montoya & Kristina Lundqvist.

On Understanding and Addressing Humiliation
Contribution to Maria Volpe's monthly breakfast meeting (since 9/11 on the first Thursday of each month) at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York, December 7, 2006. Please read the Crisis Intervention News and see pictures.

Humiliation as Strongest Force Endangering Peace: Peace Education's Responsibility to Address Humiliation
Conversation at the Peace Education Center at Teachers College, Columbia University, Box171, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY, November 30, 2006, 3:30-5:00 pm, room 285 Grace Dodge.

Humiliation and the Roots of Violence: Human Conflict in a Globalizing World
Presentation at The New Jersey Center for Character Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey & The New Jersey Commission on Holocaust Education, New Jersey Department of Education, Center for Applied Psychology, Rutgers, The State University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 3:30 - 5:00 p.m., November 14, 2006. Please see pictures.

Wir brauchen globale Ampeln
Interview with Marcel Hänggi, WOZ Die Wochenzeitung, Number 43, 26th Oktober 2006, page 16.

Demütigung und Erniedrigung
Interview with Angelika Schett on Radio DRS2 Kontext.
Angelika Schett schreibt: Was wird als demütigend erlebt? Was geschieht, wenn sich Menschen erniedrigt fühlen? Wohin führt diese Erniedrigung? Mit diesen Fragen beschäftigt sich die Psychologin und Ärztin Evelin Lindner. Neu an Lindners Ansatz ist, dass sie die Fragen von Demütigung und Erniedrigung mit der Globalisierung in Zusammenhang stellt. Ein Gespräch.
Kontext, Montag, 6. November 2006, 09.05-09.35 h, DRS2
Kontext (Z), Montag, 6. November 2006, 18.30-19.00 h, DRS2
Diese Sendung ist auch auf CD im RadioKiosk erhältlich.
Listen to the soundfile of the long version of the interview.

Demütigung im Zeitalter der Globalisierung
Interview with Angelika Schett on Radio DRS2 Aktuell, short version of above interview, broadcasted on 21st October 17.00.
Angelika Schett schreibt: Der Schweizerische Berufsverband für Angewandte Psychologie hat zum dritten Mal in Folge den Preis in Angewandter Psychologie verliehen. Er ging an die Medizinerin und Psychologin Evelin Lindner. Gewürdigt wird sie für ihre Forschung zu Demütigung und Erniedrigung. Eine Forschungarbeit, die 2001 zur Gründung des internationalen Netzwerks "Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies" führte.

Ydmykelse
Interview with Aase Cathrine Myrtveit, Radio P2, "Verdibørsen," 14th and 15th October 2006.
Lytt til lydfilen.

Towards Human Dignity: An Interview with Dr. Evelin Lindner
Interview with Tim Newfields in the SIETAR Japan Newsletter, Fall 2006, pp. 26-27.

Humiliation, Iran, and the Middle East Crisis
Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2006.

Wider die Omnipräsenz von Demütigung, für eine Politik der Würde
In: Punktum, Fach- und Verbandszeitschrift des Schweizerischen Berufsverbandes für Angewandte Psychologie SBAP, Dezember, 2006, Seiten 22-23.
Einleitung: Am 19. Oktober fand im Auditorium Maximum an der ETH die Verleihung
des SBAP.-Preises in Angewandter Psychologie statt. Preisträgerin 2006
ist die Psychologin und Medizinerin Evelin Gerda Lindner, die mit ihren
Arbeiten zur Demütigung von Individuen und Gruppen einen bedeutsamen
Beitrag zur Friedensforschung leistet.

Paradiesvorstellungen bei Kriegsführung: Die ultimative Erlösung von Demütigung
In: Punktum, Fach- und Verbandszeitschrift des Schweizerischen Berufsverbandes für Angewandte Psychologie SBAP, Dezember, 2006 (Thema „Paradies“), Seiten 10-12.
(Alle Punktum Ausgaben sind zudem auf der virtuellen Fachbibliothek Psychologie der Saarländischen Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek erhältlich. Bitte sehen Sie auch SBAP. Aktivitäten.)
•  Einleitung: Jeden Tag lesen wir über Selbstmordanschläge, nicht nur im Mittleren Osten, auch in anderen Teilen der Welt. Ich schreibe diese Zeilen am 19. August 2006. Scotland Yard hat gerade neue Märtyrer-Videos gefunden, und zwar in Verbindung mit den vereitelten Terroristen-Anschlägen auf Flugzeuge von London nach Amerika. Hinter dem Terrorplan könnte das Netzwerk Al Kaida stehen, das diese Videos einsetzt, um neuen Kandidaten zu zeigen, mit welch nobler Überzeugung und welch festem Glauben andere vor ihnen in den Tod gingen...
Inhalt:
•  Ist das Paradies paradiesisch? M. Kulla
•  Paradies als Topos. M. Jacoby
•  Paradiesvorstellungen, Krieg und Terror. E.G. Lindner
•  Paradiesische Werbewelt. P. Steiner
•  Paradies & Sexualität. Th. Spielmann
•  Wie sähe das CEO-Paradies aus? G. Fatzer
•  Straftäter - die Hölle auf Erden. F. Urbaniok
•  3. SBAP. Preis in Angewandter Psychologie. T. Basler
•  Porträt: Isabelle Chassot, Präs. der EDK
•  EFPA: J. Perriard
•  Buchbesprechung von S. Calvuot: "Missbrauchtes Vertrauen" von Werner Tschan.
•  Buchbesprechung von U. Zöllner: "Gibt es im Leben Alternativen?" von Friedhelm Decher.

Auswirkungen von Demütigung auf Menschen und Völker
Vortrag aus Anlass der 3. Verleihung des SBAP. Preises in Angewandter Psychologie, verliehen vom Schweizerischen Berufsverband für Angewandte Psychologie SBAP an Evelin Lindner. Siehe auch ein kurzes einführendes Statement.
•  Donnerstag, 19. Oktober 2006, um 17 Uhr im Auditorium Maximum der ETH Zürich,
Hauptgebäude, Rämistrasse 101, 8006 Zürich
Frau Dr. Evelin Gerda Lindner erhält den SBAP. Preis 2006 in Angewandter Psychologie für ihre ungewöhnliche Einzelleistung als Forscherin, Projektleiterin und engagierte, international tätige und multidisziplinär vernetzte Kämpferin für Humanität in einer globalisierten Gesellschaft. Mit ihrem Thema der Auswirkungen von Demütigung auf Menschen und Völker leistet sie einen bedeutsamen Beitrag zur Friedensforschung. Die Laudatio hält Frau Prof. Dr. phil. Ulrike Zöllner.
•  English translation of above paragraph: Lecture given for the occasion of the 2006 Award for Applied Psychology, awarded by the Swiss Association of Applied Psychology to Evelin Lindner, Auditorium Maximum, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ), Main Building, Rämistrasse 101, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland, Thursday, 19th October 2006.
Please see
•  more details on the event on www.sbap.ch, and see also pictures and reactions
•  the invitation
•  a description of the SBAP prize
•  opening speech by the SBAP President Heidi Aeschlimann
•  greeting by Kantonsrätin Emy Lalli
•  laudatio by Professor Ulrike Zöllner (English translation by Verena Neuburger)
•  interview with Angelika Schett on Radio DRS2 Aktuell, short version on 21st October 17.00, eventually also 12.15, and longer version on 6th November, 9.00, in DRS2 KONTEXT, repeated at 18.30. DRS2 provides the interview as CD.
•  Wir brauchen globale Ampeln, interview with Marcel Hänggi, WOZ Die Wochenzeitung, Nummer 43, 26. Oktober 2006, Seite 16

Avoiding Humiliation - From Intercultural Communication to Global Interhuman Communication
Lecture for the Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research (SIETAR) Japan, June 9, 2006, 7:00-9:00 pm, Reitaku University Tokyo Kenkyu Center (Shinjuku i-Land Tower, 4th Floor)
•  Please see here a draft for this lecture, which was revised and published in the Journal of Intercultural Communication, SIETAR Japan in June 2007.
•  Please click here to see pictures from this lecture.
•  See the interview with Tim Newfields in the SIETAR Japan Newsletter, Fall 2006, pp. 26-27.
•  The following was the announcement for this lecture in the SIETAR newsletter: Dr. Evelin Lindner inscribes the notion of pride, honor, dignity, humiliation, and humility into current historic and cultural transitions, identifying 2 current forces in world affairs. She will discuss how identity building and global inter-human communication are necessaryto avoid possible destructive effects from humiliation. Presenter: Dr. Evelin Gerda Lindner is a well-known, committed, and multidisciplinary advocate for humanity in a global society. Her work on the effects of humiliation on individuals and communities has made a significant contribution to the study of peace. The founder of the Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies global network, Dr. Lindner is affiliated, among others, with the University in Oslo. She will be publishing her latest book in June.

Marie Doezema (2006)
Weekend Beat/She trots the 'global village'
International Herald Tribune/Asahi Shimbun, July 8, 2006.
(I apologize that some factual mistakes slipped through; please check with me before quoting. Please see here the class in which Marie participated).

Is it Possible to "Change the World"? Some Guidelines to How We Can Build a More Decent and Dignified World Effectively: The Case of Dignifying Abusers
Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2006.
•  Introduction: I frequently receive enraged letters from friends who observe dynamics of humiliation in their social surroundings and feel that it is plainly wrong to treat abusers of dignity in dignified ways. Usually, their messages begin with the description of some despicable and painfully humiliating abuse that is occurring in their private or professional surroundings, involving them as victims or as third parties...

A New Culture of Peace: Can We Hope That Global Society Will Enter Into a Harmonious Information Age?
Paper written at the request of Dr. Leo Semashko, St. Petersburg, Russia, 2006.
Please see the paper, with Leo Semashko's comments posted on on http://www.peacefromharmony.org/.
•  Abstract: Can we hope that global society will enter into a harmonious information age, as Russian sociologist Leo Semashko suggests? Or is this nothing more than an illusionary wish? Currently, the gap between rich and poor widens, both locally and globally, and the have-nots watch how elites overindulge in luxury goods. We live in a ramshackle global village, resembling what John Stewart Mill in the nineteenth century called a ramshackle state. In many ways we face the anarchic world that Robert Kaplan (1994), describes in The Coming Anarchy, with overpopulation, resource scarcity, terror, crime, and disease compounding cultural and ethnic differences and rendering us a chaotic, anarchic world...

"Sugawara and the Secrets of Calligraphy": Exposing the Wounds Inflicted by Ranking People in Higher and Lesser Beings
Reflections after seeing Sugawara and the Secrets of Calligraphy on 20th April 2006 at the National Bunraku Theatre in Osaka, Japan.
•  Please see here the Japanese translation of these reflections.
•  Please see here some pictures.
•  Introduction: Bunraku, or Japanese puppet theatre, is probably the most developed form of puppetry in the world and recognised by UNESCO (please learn more about Bunraku at http://www.bunraku.or.jp/). I saw Sugawara and the Secrets of Calligraphy on 20th April 2006 at the National Bunraku Theatre in Osaka.
The Bunraku narrators convey emotions in ways that are unparalleled and profoundly educational from the point of view of psychological inquiry: "evil laugh," deep sorrow and despair are performed in intensely touching ways. One narrator was 81 years old, a "living cultural heritage."
The epic Sugawara and the Secrets of Calligraphy has the following historic context: "Sugawara no Michizane (known in this play as Kanshojo) was a high-ranking imperial court minister who was a brilliant calligrapher and scholar. But political rivalries forced him to be exiled to distant Kyushu, where he died. After Michizane's death, a series of disasters in the imperial capital were attributed to his angry spirit and he was appeased by being made a god known as Tenjin, and he is now revered as the god of learning. His story was dramatized as an epic puppet drama in 1746 and the play remains a favorite in both kabuki and the Bunraku puppet theatre" (quoted from http://www.eg-gm.jp/eg/, please read the entire story in the Appendix further down).

The Role of Dignity and Humiliation in a Globalising World: New Forms of Cooperative Approaches to Solve New Social Dilemma Situations as well as Succeed in Intercultural Encounters
Guest lecture given at a workshop for graduate students, organised by Professor Hora Tjitra on the occasion of Lindner's visit to the Department of Applied Psychology, Zhejiang University, School of Psychology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China, 13th April 2006
•  Please see here Reflections on Feedback from the Audience.
•  Please see also some pictures.
•  Please see furthermore the planned HumanDHS meeting in Hangzhou in April 2007.
•  Introduction: When I give lectures on humiliation around the world, audiences react sometimes in different ways and sometimes similarly. It is very fruitful for me to think through my audiences' feedback and to connect it with the feedback that I receive in other parts of the world. I have the aim to assemble a collection of "misunderstandings" that arise when I give my talks. This text is the first attempt to create such a collection. The differentiation of humility versus humiliation, for example, is often unfamiliar, even in English speaking countries. And the idea that equal dignity is not to be confused with forcing everybody into sameness is another difficult concept. It is difficult to grasp unity in diversity (Bond, 1999). These are concepts that appear to be difficult wherever I give lectures. In contrast, the example of Hitler versus Mandela, for example, is easier to apply in some world regions than others. Also the status of human rights is not the same everywhere.
I would be very thankful to my audiences around the world, if you could provide me with more feedback and more examples that are more adapted to your cultural context!

Globalization & Egalization
Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2006
• English version
• Deutsche Version
• Norsk versjon
• Version francais

"The Cartoon War" of Humiliation versus Humiliation: What Should be Done?
Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2006, see also the News Section of HumanDHS.
•  Introduction: Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies (www.humiliationstudies.org), the global network of academics and practitioners that I have founded, currently receives many emails asking our group to give our opinion as to what many call “The Cartoon War.” This “war” has been triggered by Danish Cartoons of Prophet Muhammad. The caricatures include drawings of Muhammad wearing a headdress shaped like a bomb, while another shows him saying that paradise was running short of virgins for suicide bombers....

To My Children and the Children of the World
In: The Promise Club initiated by Kerry Bowden, 2006

How Global Citizenship Can Heal: Supporting Thomas Friedman
Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, 2006, see also the News Section of HumanDHS. •  Introduction: Thomas Friedman (2005) has just written a fascinating book about the flattening of the World. He describes in rich detail how the globalization of technology breaks down barriers, creates unprecedented level playing fields, and gives access to people who so far were excluded. However, there is another message out there as well: The gap between the rich and the poor increases. This means that the world does not grow flatter, on the contrary. A UN report has found that the world is more unequal today than it was 10 years ago, despite considerable economic growth in many regions (Report on the World Social Situation 2005: The Inequality Predicament, by DESA, August 2005, obtainable from).
How can we reconcile these opposing descriptions of our world? Which is true?

How Becoming a Global Citizen Can Have a Healing Effect
Paper presented at the 2006 ICU-COE Northeast Asian Dialogue: Sharing Narratives, Weaving/Mapping History, February 3-5, 2006, International Christian University (ICU), Tokyo, Japan.
•  Please see here Jackie's invitation, and some pictures from Evelin's camera, and here the organizers' pictures.
•  Introduction: First versions of this paper were written for the 2006 ICU-COE Northeast Asian Boundary-spanning Dialogue Project (" Sharing Narratives, Weaving/Mapping History," February 3-5, 2006, International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan). The participants were divided into four circles and encouraged to present their personal histories. A great sense of enthusiasm, almost exhilaration, permeated the Dialogue weekend. One of the most exiting aspects was that everybody had the permission to be a "human being" - as opposed to "a Chinese," or "a Korean," or "a Japanese." Usually, by stepping out of in-group definitions, one has to pay by sacrificing one's sense of belonging and mutual connection. During the Dialogue weekend, nobody was punished for failing to be adequately "loyal" to their in-group; nobody was ostracized for failing to be sufficiently "Japanese," or "Korean," or "Chinese." On the contrary, a new "in-group membership" was on offer - the membership in all humankind. No longer had the participants to carefully hide "unfitting" aspects of themselves; on the contrary, everybody was encouraged to just be "me" and would still be connected and loved. In the Dialogue weekend, everybody was allowed to break out of narrow in-group boundaries and forge a new in-group community, humankind.
In this paper I will first outline how I initially felt a painful sense of not-belonging (I am born into a refugee family) and how I proceeded to building a deeply fulfilling and satisfying global identity. In the subsequent section I discuss what I gained with this approach. I conclude with advocating that we all need to cooperate in building an inclusive world for all.
My reflections derive from more than twenty years of international therapeutic experience coupled with the social psychological research on humiliation that I began in 1996. My four-year doctoral research project in social psychology was entitled, The Feeling of Being Humiliated: A Central Theme in Armed Conflicts. A Study of the Role of Humiliation in Somalia, and Rwanda/Burundi, Between the Warring Parties, and in Relation to Third Intervening Parties (Lindner, 2000, University of Oslo). My book Making Enemies Unwittingly: Humiliation and International Conflict, will be published soon (Lindner, 2006, Westport, CT: Praeger).

Krenkelsens psykologi – og visjonen om den globale landsby
I: Ann Kristin Krokan og Toril Heglum (red.), Med vitende og vilje - om funksjonshemming, diskriminering og krenkelse, kapittel 18, sider 242-231. Oslo: Kommuneforlaget, 2006.
•  Innledning: Min forskning p å ydmykelse har sitt utgangspunkt i tysk historie og i min egen bakgrunn som barn av flyktninger i Tyskland etter krigen. Flere millioner etniske tyskere, blant dem mine foreldre, ble tvangsflyttet fra områder i Polen. Min mor var femten når dette skjedde. For henne var dette en ydmykelse som traumatiserte henne dypt, og som preger henne fortsatt, mer enn seksti år etter krigen...
Innholdsfortegnelse:
• Innledning
• Ville du ikke heller vært død?
• Kapittel 1: Med vitende og vilje
• Kapittel 2: Ikke nevnt og heller ikke savnet
• Kapittel 3: Avkreves innsats over gjennomsnittet – betegnes med ressurser under middels
• Kapittel 4: Funksjonshemmende og rangeringssamfunnet
• Kapittel 5: Respektløs medlidelse – om fordommer i møte med funksjonshemmede
• Kapittel 6: Krenkelser av funksjonshemmede i språk, metaforer, litteratur, kultur og reklame
• Kapittel 7: Den språklige segregeringen
• Kapittel 8: Forskning – for hvem?
• Kapittel 9: Makt, avmakt og institusjonelle overgrep
• Kapittel 10: Aller nederst på rangstigen
• Kapittel 11: Om styltegjengere og andre balansekunstnere
• Kapittel 12: Krenket på hjemmebane
• Kapittel 13: Det enkleste er ofte det verste
• Kapittel 14: Den beste medisin
• Kapittel 15: Seksuelle overgrep mot funksjonshemmede kvinner
• Kapittel 16: Menneskesyn – fosterdiagnostikk og seleksjon for fødsel
• Kapittel 17: Midlertidig frihetsberøvede
• Kapittel 18: Krenkelsens psykologi – og visjonen om den globale landsby

Emotion and Conflict: Why It Is Important to Understand How Emotions Affect Conflict and How Conflict Affects Emotions
In: Deutsch, Morton, Coleman, Peter T. & Eric C. Marcus (Eds.), The Handbook of Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice. (2nd ed.), Chapter Twelve, pp. 268-293, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2006.
•  Introduction: We have all experienced strong emotions related to conflict. Our emotions affect the conflicts in our lives and conflict, in turn, influences our emotions.
This chapter begins with two brief examples, one international and one personal, to show the interaction between emotions and conflict. For the international example, let us look at World War II.
Hitler was an isolated and alienated loner obsessed by the weakness of Germany during World War I and after. At some point, however, his obsessions began to resonate with the feelings of what was called in Germany "the little people" (die kleinen Leute, or the powerless). He offered a grand narrative of national humiliation and invited "the little people" to join in with the personal grievances they suffered due to the general political and economic misery. "The little people" occupied a distinctly subordinated position in Germany 's social hierarchy prior to Hitler's rise. They rallied to Hitler's cause because he provided them with a sense of importance. He was greeted as a savior, as a new kind of leader promising them love and unprecedented significance instead of insignificance. Only after World War II did they have to painfully recognize how he had abused their loyalty. As soon as he had enough popular support, Hitler built institutions that forced his manipulation on everybody, evoking noble feelings of loyalty and heroic resistance against humiliation, convincing the German people that the Aryan race was meant to lead and save the world. Hitler was an expert on feelings. Many Germans put such faith in Hitler that they followed him until 1945, even when it became clear that the situation was doomed. Intense loyalty and highly emotional participation in a collective obsession undercut even the most basic rational and ethical considerations.
Now to a personal example: Envision yourself as a therapist with a client named Eve who came to you because she was depressed. She is severely and regularly beaten by her husband, Adam. Neighbors describe scenes of shouting and crying and the bruise marks on Eve's body are only too obvious. You are afraid Eve may not survive and you visit her as frequently as your schedule permits. You try to convince her to protect herself, by leaving her unsafe home to seek refuge in sheltered housing, at least at times of crisis. In your mind, you define her as a victim and her husband as a perpetrator. You explain to Eve that "domestic chastisement" has long been outlawed. You suggest that Adam utterly humiliates her and that she ought to develop a "healthy" anger as a first step toward collecting sufficient strength to change her life. To you, this situation clearly represents a destructive conflict loaded with hot and violent emotion and you wish to contribute to its constructive resolution.
Eve stubbornly undermines your efforts and thwarts your dedicated and well-intentioned attempts to help her. She argues along these lines: "Beating me is my husband's way of loving me! I am not a victim. I bring his anger on myself when I fail to respect his authority! He saved me from a cruel father! My father never spoke of love and care - Adam does!" And Adam adamantly refuses to be labeled a "perpetrator," accusing you of viciously disturbing the peace of his home and claiming that you violate his male honor.
From Adam's perspective, there is no destructive conflict, no suffering victim, and no violent perpetrator. It is you, the therapist, the human rights defender, an uninvited third party, who introduces conflict. The definition of love and benevolence is crucial here. You define love as the meeting of equal hearts and minds in mutual caring, a definition embedded in the human rights ideal of equal dignity for all. Eve and her husband, on the other hand, connect love with female subservience. You introduce conflict by drawing Eve's attention to a new definition of love, one that is in total opposition to the couple's definition.
We can easily link the example of Eve and Adam to events at the international level. Human rights framings of equal dignity for all do not always meet friendly acceptance in the supposed "perpetrators." The South African elites were defensive about Apartheid - they felt entitled to superiority. So-called "honor-killings" have only recently received attention. This practice has moved from the rather neutral category of "cultural practice" to the accusatory category of "violation of human rights." Or, consider the Indian caste system, which has only very recently been labeled "Indian Apartheid," a new definition for a way of life that has endured for thousands of years.
In this conundrum, in which emotions and conflict are entangled in painful ways, questions arise such as: When and in what ways are emotions (feelings of suffering, pain and rage, or love and caring) part of a "conflict" that calls for our attention? And when are they not? Who decides? What we can be sure about is that emotions and conflict are not static. They are embedded into larger historical and cultural surroundings. We live in times of transition toward increasing global interdependence and more equal dignity for all. Emotion and conflict and their consequences - how we live them, how we define them - are part of this transition. They, too, change as the world transforms.
• Contents:
Preface
• Introduction by Morton Deutsch
PART ONE: INTERPERSONAL AND INTERGROUP PROCESSES
• 1 Cooperation and Competition by Morton Deutsch
• 2 Justice and Conflict by Morton Deutsch
• 3 Constructive Controversy: The Value of Intellectual Opposition by David W. Johnson, Roger T. Johnson, Dean Tjosvold
• 4 Trust, Trust Development, and Trust Repair by Roy J. Lewicki
• 5 Power and Conflict by Peter T. Coleman
• 6 Communication and Conflict by Robert M. Krauss, Ezequiel Morsella
• *7 Language, Peace, and Conflict Resolution by Francisco Gomes de Matos
• 8 Intergroup Conflict by Ronald J. Fisher
• 9 The PSDM Model: Integrating Problem Solving and Decision Making in Conflict Resolution by Eben A. Weitzman, Patricia Flynn Weitzman
• *10 Gender Conflict and the Family by Janice M. Steil, Liora Hoffman
PART TWO: INTRAPSYCHIC PROCESSES
• 11 Judgmental Biases in Conflict Resolution and How to Overcome Them by Leigh Thompson, Janice Nadler, Robert B. Lount, Jr.
• *12 Emotion and Conflict: Why It Is Important to Understand How Emotions Affect Conflict and How Conflict Affects Emotions by Evelin G. Lindner
• 13 Self-Regulation in the Service of Conflict Resolution by Walter Mischel, Aaron L. DeSmet, Ethan Kross
PART THREE: PERSONAL DIFFERENCES
• *14 Implicit Theories and Conflict Resolution by Carol S. Dweck, Joyce Ehrlinger
• 15 Personality and Conflict by Sandra V. Sandy, Susan K. Boardman, Morton Deutsch
• 16 The Development of Conflict Resolution Skills: Preschool to Adulthood by Sandra V. Sandy
PART FOUR: CREATIVITY AND CHANGE
• 17 Creativity and Conflict Resolution: The Role of Point of View by Howard E. Gruber
• 18 Some Guidelines for Developing a Creative Approach to Conflict by Peter T. Coleman, Morton Deutsch
• *19 Creativity in the Outcomes of Conflict by Peter J. Carnevale
• 20 Change and Conflict: Motivation, Resistance and Commitment by Eric C. Marcus
• 21 Changing Minds: Persuasion in Negotiation and Conflict Resolution by Alison Ledgerwood, Shelly Chaiken, Deborah H. Gruenfeld, Charles M. Judd
• 22 Learning Through Reflection by Victoria J. Marsick, Alfonso Sauquet, Lyle Yorks
PART FIVE: DIFFICULT CONFLICTS
• 23 Aggression and Violence by Susan Opotow
• 24 Intractable Conflict by Peter T. Coleman
• *25 Moral Conflict and Engaging Alternative Perspectives by Beth Fisher-Yoshida, Ilene Wasserman
• *26 Matters of Faith: Religion, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution by Bridget Moix
• *27 Conflict Resolution and Human Rights by Andrea Bartoli, Yannis Psimopoulos
PART SIX: CULTURE AND CONFLICT
28 Culture and Conflict by Paul R. Kimmel
*29 Multicultural Conflict Resolution by Paul Pederson
• 30 Cooperative and Competitive Conflict in China by Dean Tjosvold, Kwok Leung, David W. Johnson
PART SEVEN: MODELS OF PRACTICE
• 31 Teaching Conflict Resolution Skills in a Workshop by Ellen Raider, Susan Coleman, Janet Gerson
• 32 Mediation Revisited by Kenneth Kressel
• 33 Managing Conflict Through Large-Group Methods by Barbara Benedict Bunker
• *34 Conflict in Organizations by W. Warner Burke
• *35 Eight Suggestions from the Small-Group Conflict Trenches by Kenneth Sole
PART EIGHT: LOOKING TO THE FUTURE
• 36 A Framework for Thinking About Research on Conflict Resolution Initiatives by Morton Deutsch, Jennifer S. Goldman
• *37 Some Research Frontiers in the Study of Conflict and Its Resolution by Dean G. Pruitt
Concluding Overview by Peter T. Coleman, Eric C. Marcus

Humiliation and Reactions to Hitler’s Seductiveness in Post-War Germany: Personal Reflections
In: Social Alternatives (Special Issue "Humiliation and History in Global Perspectives"), Vol. 25, No. 1, First Quarter, pp. 6-11, 2006 (the full text of the entire journal is available by obtaining a copy of the Special Issue of Social Alternatives from Ralph Summy, or here in pdf format).
•  Abstract: This article first addresses the various forms of humiliation. The discussion then offers the intricate web of feelings among the German population towards Adolph Hitler. It is argued that the ‘broad masses’ were subordinated in Germany’s social hierarchy before and after World War I. ‘The little people’ rallied to Hitler’s cause because he gave them a sense of importance. Only after World War II did many painfully recognise how he had abused their loyalty. On the other hand, the aristocracy had initially expected Hitler to be their puppet. Instead, he rendered them powerless and humiliated them with his initial political and military victories. After World War II, the defeat - the ‘Zusammenbruch’- prompted a deep sense of mortification among the common people as well as the elite. After the monarchy had lost the contest in 1918, feelings of humiliation had fed public resentment and instability. In 1945, however, abasement had become an inner experience. Every Hitler follower had reason to feel humiliated by his or her misplaced devotion to the Führer — the ‘little people’ for allowing the destructive dictator, Adolf Hitler, to capture their hearts, the aristocracy for letting it happen. Unpleasant feelings of humiliation, denial, ambivalence, and uncertainty represented the common reactions to Hitler’s fatal seduction as my interviews with German survivors of his regime revealed.
Contents:
• Guest Editor's Introduction to the Special Issue 'History and Humiliation' of Social Alternatives, pp. 3-4, by Wyatt-Brown, Bertram
• From the Editor's Desk, p. 5, by Summy, Ralph
Part One: The European Experience:
• Humiliation and Reactions to Hitler's Seductiveness in Post-War Germany: Personal Reflections, pp. 6-11, by Lindner, Evelin G.
• A Woman in Berlin: An Endless Cycle of Female Humiliation, Berlin 1945, pp. 12-16, Wyatt-Brown, Anne
• ‘The Troubles’ in Northern Ireland, 1968-2005: A Case of Mutual Humiliation, pp. 17-21, by Stokes, Paul A.
Part Two: The American Experience:
• Honor, Irony, and Humiliation in the Era of American Civil War, pp. 22-27, by Wyatt-Brown, Bertram
• The Ultimate Shame: Lynch-Law in the Post-Civil War American South, pp. 28-32, by Brundage, W. Fitzhugh
• Humiliation and Domination under American Eyes: German POWs in the Continental United States, 1942-1945, pp. 33-39, by Hudnall, Amy C.
Part Three: Experience of Developing Nations:
• Humiliation and Its Brazilian History as a Domain of Sociolinguistic Study, pp. 40-43, by Gomes de Matos, Francisco
• Humiliation in India's Historical Consciousness, pp. 44-49, by Danino, Michel
• The Rwanda Akazi (Forced Labour) System, History, and Humiliation, pp. 50-55, by Gasanabo, Jean-Damascène
• Hubris, History, and Humiliation: Quest for Utopia in Post-Saddam Iraq, pp. 56-61, by Fontan, Victoria C Fontan

Humiliation or Dignity in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
By Evelin G. Lindner, Neil Ryan Walsh & Judy Kuriansky
In: Judy Kuriansky (Ed.), Terror in the Holy Land, Inside the Anguish of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, chapter 14, pp. 123-131, Westport, CT, London: Greenwood Press and Praeger Publishers, 2006.
•  Introduction: Many conflicts around the world are fueled by the universal phenomenon of humiliation, which occurs when members of one group feel that they are not allowed to live life in a dignified way because of a perceived lack of recognition and respect from another group. This view of conflict derives from the emerging field of humiliation studies (Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies, n.d.; Klein, 1991; Lindner, 2006b; Miller, 1993; Steinberg, 1991) and presents an alternative to the clash of civilizations thesis proposed by Huntington (1996) by taking into account the experience of humiliation and the universal human need for dignity within an examination of ethnic and cultural differences. Furthermore, an analy­sis of violent behavior as a result of wounds derived from disappointment and humiliation can provide deeper explanation and hold more promise for construc­tive transformation of conflict than simply relying on concepts such as unex-plainable evil. Therefore, the investigation of humiliation can be useful for schol­arly and applied work in conflict resolution.
This chapter explores the role of humiliation as the source of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It includes a definition of humiliation from an interdisciplin­ary social science perspective, examples of humiliation in both cultures, and rec­ommendations for how to address constructively this destructive element for both peoples.
Contents:
• Foreword by Chris E. Stout
• Acknowledgments
•  Introduction by Dr Judy Kuriansky
PART I: Times of Terror: Anguish on Both Side
• Chapter 1: Homeland, Helplessness, Hate and Heroes: Psychosocial Dynamics in the Israeli Palestinian Conflict by Julia DiGangi
• Chapter 2. Girls Interrupted: The Making of Female Palestinian Suicide Bombers by Katherine VanderKaay
• Chapter 3: Coming of Age in Times in Terrorism by Barbara Sofer
• Chapter 4: Raised for Jihad: A Shahid's Daughter Speaks Out by Nonie Darwish
• Chapter 5: The Mental Health Situation for Palestinians Today by Abdel hamid Afana
• Chapter 6: Coping with Terror: Lessons from Israel by Danny Brom
• Chapter 7: A Bomb on the Bus by Yonah Dovid Bardos
• Chapter 8: Cries for Help: A Palestinian Social Worker's Story by Nahida AlArja
• Chapter 9: Lost Paradise: Trauma and Martyrdom in Palestinian Families by Elia Awwad
• Chapter 10: Terror in Jerusalem: Israelis Coping with "Emergency Routine" in Daily Life by Ruth Pat-Horencyk
• Chapter 11: The Impact of Israel's Wall on Palestinian Mental Health by Nisreen Boushieh
• Chapter 12: Israelis and Palestinians Speak Out About Violence and Peace: Public Opinion Polls 2000-2006 by Vani Murugesan
• Chapter 13: Terror at Home and Abroad: Israeli Reactions to International Incidents of Violence by Judy Kuriansky, Lisa Bagenstose, Michele Hirsch, Avi Burstein and Yahel Tsaidi
PART II: Psychosocial Issues in the Conflict
• Chapter 14: Humiliation or Dignity in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Evelin Gerda Lindner, Neil Ryan Walsh, and Judy Kuriansky
• Chapter 15: Breaking the Cycle of Revenge in the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict by Gary Reiss
• Chapter 16. Obstacles to Asymmetry: Personal and Professional Lessons in Israeli-Palestinian Crisis and Reconciliation by Isaac Mendelsohn
• Chapter 17: Collective Identity Terror in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and Potential Solutions by Ibrahim Kira
• Chapter 18: In Search of My Identity: The Value of Humor About the Arab Israeli Conflict by Ray Hanania
• Chapter 19: Caught in the Middle; Identity Conflicts in Arab Adolescents in Israel by Salman Elbedour, Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie, Aref Abu-Rabia, Persephone Brown, and Qun G. Jiao
PART III: Women and Children Caught in the Conflict
• Chapter 20: Anguish of Israeli Women Against the Backdrop of the Intifada by Joyce Brenner
• Chapter 21: The Effect of Conflict and Militarization on Palestinian Women by Amal Abusrour
• Chapter 22. The Emotional Impact of the Intifada on Palestinian Youth: Implications for Finding the Path to Peace by Jeff Victoroff
• Chapter 23. Feeling ¿Safe¿: An Israeli Intervention Program for Helping Children Cope with Exposure to Political Violence and Terrorism by Michelle Slone and Anat Shoshani
• Chapter 24. Demonization of the "Other" and Tools to Transform Foe to Friend by Ofra Ayalon
PART IV: Therapeutic and Educational Efforts for Understanding, Coping and Reconciliation
• Chapter 25: Awaiting the Wounded: A Doctor's Story by Avraham Rivkin
• Chapter 26: Challenges Of A Young Palestinian Clinician During the Intifada by Roney Srour
• Chapter 27: Healing the Wounds of War in Gaza and Israel: A Mind-Body Approach by James S. Gordon
• Chapter 28: InShallah, Family, Gender Roles and Other Issues Affecting Mental Health and Therapy for Palestinian Arab-Israelis by Alean Al-Krenawi and John Graham
• Chapter 29: Ordinary Madness of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict by Jerry Lawler
• Chapter 30: Making Paper Flowers Bloom: Coping Strategies to Survive the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Judy Kuriansky
• Chapter 31: Weathering the "Perfect Storm": Moving Beyond Intractability of the Israeli/Palestinian Conflict by Heidi Burgess and Guy Burgess

Humiliation, Killing, War, and Gender
In: Mari Fitzduff and Chris E. Stout (Eds.), The Psychology of Resolving Global Conflicts: From War to Peace. Volume 1: Nature vs. Nurture, pp. 137-174. Westport, CT, London: Praeger Security International, 2006. Please see here the first 40% of the chapter.
•  Abstract: The chapter "humiliation, killing, war, and gender" analyzes these phenomenona in their embeddedness in the current transition to Human Rights ideals that promote equal dignity for all. Honor norms are anchored in a social context that is deeply different from contexts of equal dignity for all. Currently, both, honor and equal dignity are cultural concepts that are significant for people world-wide. The problem is that they clash and are incompatible in many ways.
The chapter sheds light on the transition from norms of honor to norms of equal dignity, and how this is played out in the field of gender, killing, and war. Also the phenomenon that people can feel humiliated and retaliate with acts of humiliation is discussed in relation to this transition. The chapter is rounded up by a call for a Moratorium on Humiliation in order to safeguard a world that is livable for coming generations.
Contents:
•  Foreword by Chris E. Stout
•  Introduction: Ending Wars: Developments, Theories, and Practice by Mari Fitzduff
• Chapter 1: Human Nature, Ethnic Violence, and War by Melvin Konner
• Chapter 2: Tribal, "Ethnic," and Global Wars by R. Brian Ferguson
• Chapter 3: Neuropsychology of Conflict: Implications for Peacemaking by Douglas E. Nell
• Chapter 4: Becoming Evil: How Ordinary People Commit Genocide and Mass Killing by James Waller
• Chapter 5: Fundamentalism, Violence, and War, by J. Harold Ellens
• Chapter 6: Humiliation, Killing, War, and Gender by Evelin Gerda Lindner
• Chapter 7: Lessons for the Rest of Us: Learning from Peaceful Societies by Bruce D. Bonta and Douglas P. Fry
• Chapter 8: Integrative Complexity nd Cognitive Management in International Confrontations: Research and Potential Applications by Peter Swedfelt, Dana C. Leighton, and Lucian Gideon Conway III
• Chapter 9: Emotion, Alienation, and Narratives in Protracted Conflict by Suzanne Retzinger and Thomas Scheff
• Chapter 10: The Capacity for Religious Experience Is an Evolutionary Adaptation to Warfare by Allen D. MacNeill
• Chapter 11: Conflict Transformation: A Group Relations Perspective by Tracy Wallach
• Chapter 12: Psychology of a Stable Peace by Daniel Shapiro and Vanessa Liu
Conclusion: What Can We Do? by Mari Fitzduff

Crisis and Gender: Addressing the Psychosocial Needs of Women in International Disasters
by Hudnall, Amy C. & Lindner, Evelin Gerda
In: Gilbert Reyes & Gerard A. Jacobs (Eds.), Handbook of International Disaster Psychology (Vol 4): Interventions With Special Needs Populations, pp. 1-18. Westport, CT, London: Greenwood Press and Praeger Publishers, 2005.
•  Introduction: Why is it necessary to include in these volumes a chapter devoted to the special problems that women may encounter during and after disasters? Everyone suffers: men, children, and women. Are women more vulnerable? Have their interests been largely ignored? "Psychological trauma is an affliction of the powerless. At the moment of trauma, the victim is rendered helpless by overwhelming force" (Herman, 1997, p. 33). How often are these words, which here describe the affect of traumatic incidents, used when women describe events in their lives? Women often are more vulnerable; however, since they occupy a central role in community life, they also can be empowered to protect communities from disasters...
Contents:
Set Foreword by Chris E. Stout
Forewordby Benedetto Saraceno
Preface by Charles D. Spielberger
Acknowledgments
Overview of the International Disaster Psychology Volumesby Gilbert Reyes
•  Chapter 1: Crisis and Gender: Addressing the Psychosocial Needs of Women in Inernational Disasters by Amy C. Hudnall and Evelin Gerda Lindner
•  Chapter 2: Sexual Violence against Women and Children in the Context of Armed Conflict by Chen Reis and Beth Vann
•  Chapter 3: How Do You Mend Broken Hearts? Gender, War, and Impacts on Girls in Fighting Forces by Susan McKay
•  Chapter 4: Children Affected by Armed Conflict in South Asia: A Regional Sumary by Jo Boyden, Joanna de Berry, Thomas Feeny, and Jason Hart
•  Chapter 5: Serving the Psychosocial Needs of Survivors of Torture and Organized Violence by Peter Berliner and Elisabeth Naima Mikkelsen
•  Chapter 6: Managing Stress in Humanitarian Aid Workers: The Role of the Humanitarian Aid Organization by John H. Ehrenreich
•  Chapter 7: Psychosocial Crisis Inervention with Miltary and Emergency Services Pesonnel by Erik L. J. L. De Soir
•  Chapter 8: Helping Journalists Who Cover Humanitarian Crises by Elana Neumann and Bruce Shapiro
Conclusions and Recommendations for Further Progress by Giblert Reyes
Epilogue by Yael Danieli

Mature Differentiation As Response to Terrorism and Humiliation: Refrain From the Language of 'War' and 'Evil'
In: Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research, 2005 http://www.transnational.org/forum/meet/2005/Lindner_Humiliation.html.
•  Introduction: The 2005 bombs in London shook the world. They reminded everybody of the Madrid bombings of 11th March 2004, or of what has become known as 'Nine Eleven,' to name only two of the tragedies that currently unsettle the world. Innocent civilians live in fear - not only is the West, also in Afghanistan, Iraq, the Middle East, in African countries and other world regions.
In many cases, the West is the 'addressee' and we have perpetrators acting as ultimate humiliators of the Western world. Taking down the World Trade Center 's Twin Towers, proud symbols of Western power, was a cruel 'message of humiliation.' Paralysing world hubs such as London and Madrid is another 'message of humiliation.'...

Parents - The Role Model
In: Sahil, Pakistan, 14 (32, April-June), p. 9, 2005.
•  Please see here the longer original draft for this article:
Parenting Styles and Their Impact on Children: Humiliation, Abuse and Neglect
•  Introduction: For thousands of years, almost everywhere on the globe, humankind believed in hierarchically ranking human value. Almost everybody thought that some people were born as higher beings and others as lower